Determining acoustical directionality in an impedance tube using multiple fixed microphones

Acoustic impedance of a port or object is a valuable piece of knowledge describing how well sound is transmitted or reflected. The commonly used slotted-line method is labourious and time consuming, requiring manual movement to find the maxima and minima at each frequency. This paper outlines a technique to computationally determine the magnitude and phase of the constituent travelling waves from the standing plane sound wave measurements in an impedance tube. Measured magnitude and phase data from multiple fixed microphones carefully spaced along the length of the impedance tube is numerically fitted to incident and reflected wave models, which can then be used to calculate the complex acoustic impedance at each frequency of interest

Current Realities for Public Schools

Administrators in today\u27s schools work in a constant state of flux; change is the norm. Congress\u27 recent reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Act, through the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), provides a signal example. Just as many were beginning to fully understand and adjust to the implications of the now defunct No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act, there\u27s a new set of rules to play by

The Changing Landscape of Leadership

Leading a campus is not what it used to be (nor is teaching a class, being a student, or raising a child for that matter). The increasing pace of societal and technological change provides an ever-evolving backdrop against which educational leaders view and conduct their work. Overlay a culture of accountability enacted amid budget cuts, surging enrollments, and shifting demographics, and the roles of school leaders become clouded with uncertainty, imbued with responsibility, and demanding increased personal commitment and professional and technical knowledge. One principal preparation student recently commented that her teaching colleagues routinely asked her, Why in the world do you want to do that? Upon reflection, it\u27s a valid question we should all answer

Use of main channel and shallow-water habitat by larval fishes in the lower Missouri River

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 7, 2007)Vita.Thesis (Ph. D.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2006.I developed a series of research objectives organized in a spatial hierarchy to characterize larval fish nursery habitat within the lower Missouri River. Native carpsucker spp./buffalo spp. (Carpiodes spp./Ictiobus spp.) and chub spp. (Macrhybopsis spp.) catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) was higher within sandbar aquatic terrestrial transition zone (ATTZ) than main channel. Local-environmental factors accounted for the greatest proportion of variance in larval fish CPUE within sandbar ATTZ, followed by hydrologic and finally geomorphic factors at macro- and meso-habitat scales. At the microhabitat scale, the larval fish assemblage and carpsucker spp./buffalo spp. selected areas [lesser than or equal to] 10 cm deep with current velocities [lesser than or equal to] 5 cm/s. Silver/bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix/nobilus) exhibited no selection based on water depth or current velocity. Chub spp. selected depths between 20-50 cm and areas 2-3 m from the waters edge. The larval fish assemblage and several taxa exhibited a significant nocturnal increase in CPUE within the primary channel and sandbar ATTZ at the macrohabitat scale in contrast to previous research indicating turbid rivers lacked a diel cycle in larval fish drift.Includes bibliographical reference

Gaining Attention and Encouraging a Response: My Criteria for Successful Graphic Design.

As a graphic designer, my goal is to clearly express my clients\u27 message to their intended audience. Based on the diversity of my clients and their products and services, finding a consistent style in my projects might be difficult, although there are usually some typical traits. With examples of my work and dialogue from leaders in the graphic design industry, I intend to point out a common thread that runs through all successful design projects, regardless of the projects\u27 designer, era, or individual design elements (e.g., typography, copywriting, color, layout, imagery). Success comes from graphic design\u27s ability to gain attention and encourage a response

A Study of the Procedures and Policies Used by Kansas Banks in Establishing Lines of Credit

The major purpose of this study was to analyze the status of extension of lines of credit by Kansas banks. The examination involved a study of the extent to which banks granted lines of credit, how loan policies and practices differed among banks surveyed, methods by which the smaller banks might adopt the policies of larger banks in granting lines of credit. Methods and Procedures Employed: A questionnaire was prepared to obtain information on the practices of banks in granting lines of credit. The questionnaire was sent to 300 banks selected at random from those in operation in Kansas as of June 24, 1963. There were 136 questionnaires returned, as requested, and the information for this study was obtained from the information provided. Summary and Findings: A high percentage of the banks investigated were granting lines of credit. Lines were granted primarily at the initiative of the banks and were utilized only to a limited extent as a means of increasing loan activities. The number of lines granted was generally small and represented a limited portion of the loan activities of the banks. Approximately one third of the banks had established a department to handle this type of loan. A large number of the banks established a definite repayment schedule. The most common repayment period was on a monthly basis. Some of the banks specialized in extending credit to certain types of operations. Farming and manufacturing were most commonly mentioned. A portion of the banks required line of credit borrowers to maintain compensatory balances and based requirements to varying degrees on the type of business, the size of the business, and the security provided. Some of the banks related requirements to the use of the line of credit. The most commonly mentioned factor limiting the extension of lines of credit was lack of demand. The legal limit was the most frequently mentioned factor in setting upper limits on lines of credit

Label-free, single molecule detection of cytokines using optical microcavities

Interleukin-2 (IL2) is a cytokine that regulates T-cell growth and is used in cancer therapies. By sensitizing a microcavity sensor surface with anti-IL2 and monitoring the resonant frequency, single molecules of IL2 can be detected

Interrogating Demand: Pathways Toward Purchase in Patron‐Influenced E‐Book Models; University of California‐wide Demand‐Driven Acquisitions—E‐Book Hopes and Dreams Revisited

From January 2013 to date, the University of California has piloted a system‐wide e‐book demand driven access (DDA) program comprised of University Press publications in the Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences. This paper reviews the pilot’s progress, specifically focusing on how well it has achieved the hopes and dreams laid out by several of the participating campus librarians prior to the pilot’s launch

Stepping Outside the Faculty-Mediated Outreach Model: Collaborations with Student Academic Support Services to Reach Students

The discussion will focus on collaborations with campus student academic support services (SASS) -- programs that are funded and staffed to provide academic support to students -- to enable librarians to reach diverse student audiences. As campus resources diminish and workloads increase, collaborative partnerships are essential to continue to reach diverse student constituencies. Such collaborations add value to librarians\u27 work by reading audiences that would otherwise be difficult to attract through traditional library programming channels or venues. In turn, SASS programs are enhanced with the participation of a librarian who can provide expertise in library research skills. These kinds of collaborative efforts may result in long-standing partnerships offering librarians the opportunity to move beyond the general library tours and orientations currently offered to provide more effective, engaging, and relevant library classes. The results not only serve to benefit the intended audiences, but help in the overall evolution of library instruction programs. Through problem solving activities and examples from the University of California, Santa Cruz, participants will learn about a variety of outreach services to offer